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The propagation of a plant by using a plant part or single cell or group cell in a test tube under very controlled and hygienic conditions is called "Tissue Culture".

Tissue culture is one biotechnology that has been extensively and productively used in the banana industry. It has revolutionized the export banana industry and has proven to be a major component in rehabilitating the banana industry of some countries in Asia. Yet many other countries have not exploited the full Usefulness and what it can bring to the improvement of banana production.

Banana is a globally important fruit crop with 97.5 million tones of production. In India it supports livelihood of million of people. With total annual production of 16.91million tones from 490.70 thousand with national average of 33.5 T/ha.

Banana is basically a tropical crop, grows well in temperature range of 13ºC – 38ºC with RH regime of 75-85%. In India this crop is being cultivated in climate ranging from humid tropical to dry mild subtropics through selection of appropriate varieties like Grandnaine. Chilling injury occurs at temperatures below 12ºC. The normal growth of the banana begins at 18ºC, reaches optimum at 27ºC
In India banana is grown under diverse conditions and production systems. Therefore is based on a large number of varieties catering to various kinds of needs and situations. However, around 20 cultivars viz. Dwarf Cavendish, Robusta, Monthan, Poovan, Nendran, Red banana, Nyali, Safed Velchi, Basarai, Ardhapuri, Rasthali, Karpurvalli, Karthali and Grandnaine etc.. Grandnaine is gaining popularity
Banana, a water loving plant, requires a large quantity of water for maximum Productivity. But Banana roots are poor withdrawal of water. Therefore under Indian condition banana production should be supported by an efficient irrigation system like drip irrigation. Water requirement of banana has been worked out to be 2000mm per Annum. Application of drip irrigation and mulching technology
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